Unit 2 不定詞 (to V.) (III) YouTube
不定詞當補語
補語: 接在be動詞或連綴動詞後面的
受詞: 接在一般動詞後的
- 不定詞當主詞補語 => 放在be動詞或連綴動詞之後補充說明
(例) My work is the thing.
My work is to prepare dinner.
(例) My aim in life is to become a famous singer.
(例) To see is to believe.
seeing is believing. - 不定詞當受詞補語 => 即主詞 + 動詞 + 受詞 + 受詞補語
(例) He calls me Johnny.
He wants me to do it.
(例) He told me to quit (give up) smoking.
She got her husband to clean up the house. - (注意) 有些動詞, 如want, would like, ask, teach, tell, get, show等, 用不定詞當受詞補語.
(例) He asked me not to tell her the truth. => 否定不定詞: not to V. 不能有助動詞. ask somebody to V. (truth is uncountable)
(例) He didn’t ask me to tell her the truth. => 本動詞的否定: aux not to V.
不定詞的形容詞用法
not to V.
something … to V.
- 修飾名詞
(例) I have letters to write.
(例) My mother have a lot of housework to do.
My mom does housework. - 修飾something…等
(例) I’ll give you something to eat.
(例) Do you have anything to read? - 有些不定詞之後會伴隨著介系詞 N to V.
(例) They have a lot of things to talk about.
(例) Please give me a ball-point pen to write with.
不定詞的副詞用法
- 表達目的 => in order to
(例) She went to London to study English.
She went to London in order to study English. - (注意) go/come, 通常其後不接不定詞, 而用and.
(例) Come (and) see me. - 表達原因 => 跟在表示感情的形容詞之後
(例) I’m glad to see you.
(例) We are sorry to hear the news.
含不定詞的句型
- 疑問詞 to V. => 名詞片語, 當主詞, 受詞, 補語.
(例) Which way to go is a big problem.
(例) I know how to operate the machine.
(例) He told me where to take the bus. - too ~ to … => 太~不能…
(例) You are too young to understand this whole thing.
(例) The water is too hot for me to drink. => 不需要加it, 因為跟前主詞相同.
(例) He worked too slowly to finish it. - … enough to ~ => 夠…可以~
(例) My younger brother is old enough to(不定) go to(介系) school.
(例) Bob worked hard enough to pass the exam.
