[筆記] 謝孟媛 初級文法 03

Unit 3 be動詞 一般動詞的過去式 YouTube

1. be動詞的過去式 => was/were

am/is => was, are => were.

• 過去式的be動詞表示"過去時間中發生的狀態"
  使用過去式, 代表現在已經不是該狀態了.
  時間副詞的改變,動詞也要跟著改
  (例) He is busy now.
  過去式: He was busy then.(那時)
  (例) My parents are at home now.
  過去式: My parents were at home yesterday. 現在一定不在家
• be動詞(過去式)的否定句 => 主詞 + was/were + not
  縮寫 wasn’t/weren’t
  (例) Mr. Brown was a vet.
  否定句: Mr. Brown was not a vet.
  (例) Joe and Brian were in the living room at that time.
  否定句: Joe and Brian were not in the living room at that time.
• be動詞(過去式)的疑問句
  肯定句: 主詞 + was/were ~
  疑問句: Was/Were + 主詞 ~
  (例) Wendy was in the seventh grade last year.
  疑問句: Was Wendy in the seventh grade last year?
  答句: Yes, 主詞 + was/were. No, 主詞 + was/were not
  (例) Were you a pianist?
  答句: Yes, I was. / No I wasn’t.

2. 一般動詞的過去式 => 規則變化/不規則變化

• 原形動詞 + ed.
  (例) helped, spelled, wanted.
• 原形動詞字尾有e + d.
  (例) love -> loved, dance -> danced.
• 原形動詞為子音+短母音+子音, 重複字尾加ed
  (例) stop -> stopped, plan -> planned.
• 原形動詞字尾為子音 + y. => 去 y + ied.
  (例) study -> studied, cry -> cried.
• 不規則變化
  (例) eat -> ate, read -> read, ride ->rode, come -> came, go -> went…
  (例) I walk to school every day.
  過去式: I walked to school yesterday.
  (例) Mother goes to a supermarket every morning.
  過去式: Mother went to a supermarket yesterday morning.
• 主詞為第三人稱單數時, 過去式動詞不需要+s
• 一般動詞 (過去式) 的否定句 => 需用助動詞did
  肯定句: 主詞 + 一般動詞 (過去式)
  否定去: 主詞 + did not (didn’t) + 原形動詞
  (例) He called you last night.
  否定句: He didn't call you last night.
  (例) My sister and I watched TV all day yesterday.
  否定句 My sister and I didn’t watch TV all day yesterday. (did not all => 並非)
• 比較: 否定句 (過去式)
  Be動詞
  She was at home.
  She was not at home.
  一般動詞
  She studied English.
  She didn’t study English.
• 一般動詞的疑問句
  肯定句: 主詞 + 一般動詞 (過去式)
  疑問句: Did + 主詞 + 原形動詞
  (例) His friends went to that movie last week.
  疑問句: Did his friends go to that movie last week?
  (例) Grace wrote a letter to David
  疑問句: Did Grace write a letter to David?
  答句: Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t.
• 比較: 疑問句(過去式)
  Be動詞:
  He was sick.
  Was he Sick? Yes, he was.
  一般動詞:
  He did his homework.
  Did he do his homework? (此處do是一般動詞)
  Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t
• Do 可當一般動詞也可當助動詞
  判斷: 助動詞後面會有一般動詞